Suresh TechLabs

How to Write a Strong Abstract An abstract is a short summary of your research paper. It tells the reader what you did, why you did it, how you did it, and what you found. What a Good Abstract Should Contain Problem statement (what issue you studied) Objective (what you wanted to achieve) Methodology (how you did the work) Key results (main findings) Conclusion (importance of results) Step-by-Step Structure 1. Background / Problem Briefly explain the problem or research area in 1–2 lines. 2. Objective Clearly state what your study aims to do. 3. Methodology Mention the method, model, algorithm, experiment, or dataset used. 4. Results Write the main outcome (accuracy, improvement, performance, etc.). 5. Conclusion Explain why your result is important or useful. Length of Abstract Usually 150–250 words Do not exceed conference/journal limit Sample Abstract (Generic) This paper presents a study on improving the performance of m...

How to Select Best Conference for Your Paper Choosing the right conference is very important for the quality and value of your research paper. Do not select a conference only based on fast acceptance or low fee. 1. Match Your Paper Topic with Conference Scope Check the conference theme and topics Your paper must match the main subject area Example: AI paper → AI or Data Science conference 2. Check Publisher Prefer conferences published by IEEE, Springer, ACM, Elsevier Avoid unknown or fake publishers Check publisher name on official website 3. Check Indexing Check if conference proceedings are indexed in Scopus or Web of Science Verify from official Scopus Sources List Do not trust only conference website claim 4. Check Past Conference Quality Look at previous years’ papers Check paper quality and relevance See if reputed authors published there 5. Check Review Process Good conference takes weeks for review Provides reviewer comments...

How to Check Scopus Conference Indexing To know whether a conference is really indexed in Scopus, you must check it from official Scopus sources. Do not trust only the conference website claim. Step 1: Go to Scopus Sources List Open the official Scopus Sources page (by Elsevier). Search for: "Scopus Sources List" in Google Open the official Elsevier Scopus site Step 2: Search by Conference Title or Series Type the conference name or conference series name Example: "International Conference on Machine Learning" Check if it appears in the results Step 3: Check the Source Type Source type should be: Conference Proceedings It should show: Indexed in Scopus Step 4: Check Coverage Years Look at the coverage years Example: 2015 – Present Make sure your conference year is included Step 5: Check Publisher Name Publisher should be: IEEE / Springer / ACM / Elsevier (or known publisher) If publisher is unknown → be careful ...

Where to Get Conference Details To avoid fake conferences, always check conference information from trusted and official sources. Below are the safest places to find real conference details. 1. Publisher Official Websites IEEE Conference Search Springer Conference Proceedings (LNCS, LNEE) ACM Conference List Elsevier Conference Series These are the most trusted sources. 2. Indexing Databases Scopus Sources List Web of Science (Conference Proceedings) You can check whether past conferences are indexed here. 3. University Websites University department pages Research group pages Institute event calendars Conferences hosted by universities are usually reliable. 4. Conference Listing Websites (Use Carefully) WikiCFP AllConferenceAlert Conference Alerts These sites only list conferences. You must still verify them on publisher or university websites. 5. Research Communities Mailing lists of research groups Professional societies (I...

Fake Conference vs Real Conference Fake (predatory) conferences exist mainly to collect money and do not follow proper academic review. Real conferences follow strict peer-review process and are recognized by universities and publishers. Fake Conferences Accept paper in 1–3 days No reviewer comments Ask for registration fee immediately Claim fake indexing (Scopus / SCI) Use logos of IEEE, Springer, etc. without proof Very broad topics (Engineering, Medical, Arts, Science together) Poor website with grammar mistakes No real organizing committee No real publisher Low-quality or copied papers Real Conferences Take weeks or months for review Provide reviewer comments Ask for revisions Clearly mention publisher (IEEE, ACM, Springer, Elsevier) Focused subject area Professional website Real organizing committee with affiliations Real venue and schedule High-quality accepted papers Comparison Table Fake Conference Real Conference Fast accept...

Fake SCI Journals - How to Detect Fake SCI Journals – How to Detect There is no official list of fake SCI journals because only real SCI journals are listed by Web of Science (Clarivate). Any journal not found in the official Web of Science list is NOT SCI. Why No Official Fake List Exists Fake journals change names frequently They copy names of real journals They create new websites every year Clarivate only lists real journals, not fake ones How Fake SCI Journals Trick Authors Claim “SCI Indexed” on website Use fake Impact Factor numbers Use logos of Web of Science Send spam emails: “Your paper accepted” Very fast acceptance (2–5 days) Step 1: Check Web of Science (Official) Go to Web of Science Master Journal List and search the journal name. If journal is listed → It may be SCI/SCIE/SSCI If journal is NOT listed → It is NOT SCI Step 2: Check Impact Factor Source Real IF comes only from Journal Citation Reports (JCR) Fake journals show...

SCI vs SCIE - Which is Better? SCI and SCIE are both part of the Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics) and are highly reputed indexing databases. Many people get confused about which one is better. What is SCI? SCI = Science Citation Index Contains top and highly selective science journals Includes fewer but very high-quality journals More difficult for journals to get included What is SCIE? SCIE = Science Citation Index Expanded Extension of SCI Contains more journals than SCI Includes both top and mid-level quality journals Comparison Feature SCI SCIE Full Form Science Citation Index Science Citation Index Expanded Number of Journals Less (elite journals) More (expanded list) Quality Level Very high High to very high Impact Factor Yes Yes Difficulty to Publish Very high High Which is Better? From a quality point of view, SCI is slightly better than SCIE because it contains only top-tier journals. However, for ac...

Difference between SCI, SCIE, and SSCI Difference between SCI, SCIE, and SSCI SCI, SCIE, and SSCI are databases maintained by Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics) . They index high-quality journals after strict evaluation. 1. SCI (Science Citation Index) Indexes core science and engineering journals Older and more selective database Contains top-level science journals Used mainly for natural and physical sciences Example fields: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Engineering 2. SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded) Extension of SCI Indexes more journals than SCI Includes emerging and mid-level journals Most commonly referred as "SCI indexed" today Example fields: Engineering, Computer Science, Medical Sciences 3. SSCI (Social Sciences Citation Index) Indexes social science journals Separate from science journals Focused on social science research Example fields: Management, Economics, Psychology, Education, Sociology Comparison T...

Are National Journals Indexed in SCI and Scopus? Yes, some national journals can be indexed in SCI and Scopus, but most are not. Indexing depends on journal quality and standards, not on the country name. When a National Journal Can Be Indexed Strong peer review process Regular publication schedule International authors and editors Good citation record Ethical publishing policy Proper technical standards (ISSN, DOI, etc.) If a national journal meets these criteria, it can be accepted into Scopus or SCI. When National Journals Are Not Indexed Only local publications Low citation impact Weak review process Fast acceptance of papers Focus mainly on publication fees Important Point Terms like “National Journal” and “International Journal” are not indexing standards. These are marketing terms only. Real indexing is Scopus and Web of Science (SCI). How to Check Real Indexing Check journal name in Scopus Sources List Check journal name in Web o...

Trusted Academic Publishers These publishers are globally recognized and follow proper peer review process. Publishing with these is safe and accepted by universities worldwide. 1. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Fields: Engineering, Computer Science, Electronics Publishes: Journals and Conferences Well known for technical research Indexed in Scopus and Web of Science 2. Springer (Springer Nature) Fields: Computer Science, Engineering, Science, Medicine Publishes: Journals, Books, Conference Proceedings (LNCS) Strong reputation in academia Indexed in Scopus and Web of Science 3. ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) Fields: Computer Science and IT Publishes: Top CS conferences and journals Highly respected in software and computing research Indexed in Scopus and Web of Science 4. Elsevier Fields: Engineering, Science, Medicine, Social Sciences Publishes: Journals and conference series Popular platforms: Scienc...

How to Identify Fake Conferences Fake or predatory conferences exist only to collect money and do not follow proper peer review. Here are the clear ways to identify them. 1. Abstract Accepted in 1 or 2 Days They accept your abstract very quickly No reviewer comments No revision request Real conferences take weeks for review. 2. They Ask for Money Immediately Mail says: "Abstract accepted, pay registration fee" No proper review done Payment is their main focus 3. Fake Indexing Claims They claim: Scopus indexed, but not really They use logos of Scopus, IEEE, Springer without proof They do not give official link to index 4. No Reputed Publisher Not IEEE, ACM, Springer, Elsevier Unknown publisher name No past conference proceedings 5. Poor Website Quality Spelling and grammar mistakes No proper address No real university mentioned No organizing committee details 6. Very Broad Topics Accepts all fields: Engineering, Med...

Conferences Accepting Papers Based on Abstract Not all conferences accept papers by abstract only. It depends on the conference type and track. 1. Workshop Conferences These are part of big conferences. Accept title and abstract Sometimes short paper (2–4 pages) Used for early-stage research 2. Symposiums Accept abstract first Full paper submitted later Used for student and initial research 3. Student / Doctoral Consortium Tracks Accept extended abstract (2–4 pages) Research proposal instead of full paper Used for PhD students 4. Poster Presentation Tracks Accept abstract only Poster or short paper later Used for preliminary results 5. Multidisciplinary Conferences Accept abstract then full paper Usually low to medium level Conferences That Do NOT Accept Abstract Only Top IEEE conferences Top ACM conferences Reputed Springer and Elsevier conferences These require full paper and detailed peer review. Warning About F...

1. SCI Q1 Subscription-based SCI Q1 subscription-based journals belong to the highest quality group of journals indexed in the Science Citation Index. These journals are ranked in the first quartile based on impact factor and citation performance. They are considered prestigious and highly competitive for publication. Access to articles is restricted to subscribers or institutions with paid access. Authors usually do not pay article processing charges in most cases. The review process is strict and takes more time due to high standards. These journals require strong novelty and technical contribution. They focus on theoretical and experimental rigor. Acceptance rate is generally low. They help in improving academic reputation. They are useful for PhD, postdoctoral, and faculty career growth. Such publications are preferred by universities for promotions. They enhance research visibility within academic institutions. They increase citation potential indirect...

In SCI and Scopus indexed journals, both paid and free publication options are available. Some journals are open access (free to read), while others are subscription-based (paid to read). This creates confusion among scholars about which type of journal is best for publishing their research work. Types of Journals Based on Payment 1. Free to Publish Journals No article processing charge (APC) Usually subscription-based Reader or institution pays for access Examples: Many IEEE, Springer, Wiley subscription journals 2. Paid (APC) Journals Author pays Article Processing Charge (APC) Paper becomes open access Anyone can read and download freely Types of Journals Based on Access 1. Open Access Journals All published papers are freely available to everyone. 2. Subscription Journals Readers or institutions must pay to access the papers. 3. Hybrid Journals Authors can choose: Pay APC → Open access No APC → Subscription access Whic...

Sometimes authors realize after publication that their paper has appeared in a low-quality or non-indexed journal. In such cases, they may wish to remove or withdraw the paper. However, once a paper is published, its removal and its impact on plagiarism are governed by strict academic and ethical rules. Can an Author Request to Remove a Published Paper? Generally, NO. Once a paper is published, it becomes part of the permanent academic record. However, an author may request removal or retraction only in specific situations: Serious errors in data or results Ethical issues discovered after publication Plagiarism or authorship disputes Journal misconduct or fake peer review Most journals do not delete papers. Instead, they issue a retraction notice while keeping the paper visible with a retraction label. What Is Retraction? Retraction is an official statement that the paper should not be considered valid. The paper usually remains online but is marked as Ret...

Sometimes a research scholar produces high-quality and novel research work, but it gets published in a low-quality or non-indexed journal that is not covered by SCI or Scopus. In such cases, universities usually evaluate the paper based on their academic regulations rather than only on the research quality claimed by the scholar. General University Standpoint Most universities give importance to journal indexing rather than individual paper quality. Therefore: Papers in SCI / SCIE indexed journals are fully accepted Papers in Scopus indexed journals are widely accepted Papers in non-indexed journals are usually not counted Even if the research work is technically strong, a paper published in a non-indexed journal may not fulfill formal university requirements. Possible Ways Universities May Consider Such Papers 1. As Supporting Work (Not Main Requirement) The paper may be considered as: Supplementary research evidence Part of thesis literature P...

Sometimes a research scholar publishes a high-quality paper with a novel methodology in a low-quality or non-indexed journal. Even though the journal is not indexed in SCI or Scopus, the scholar may still need to prove that the research work itself is of good quality. This can be done using several academic and technical indicators. 1. Show Novelty of the Work The scholar must clearly demonstrate that the methodology or approach is new and not found in existing literature. Provide literature comparison tables Highlight research gap and contribution Show what is different from previous methods 2. Provide Strong Experimental Results Good quality research must be supported by solid experiments or simulations. Use benchmark datasets Compare results with standard methods Show performance improvement 3. Plagiarism Report A low plagiarism percentage (e.g., below 10–15%) shows originality of the paper. Turnitin or iThenticate report Show similarity ...

Other Indexing Databases Besides SCI and Scopus and Their Acceptance by Universities SCI (Web of Science) and Scopus are the most well-known indexing databases used for evaluating research quality. However, several other indexing databases exist. Universities may or may not accept these indexings depending on their academic regulations and purpose (PhD submission, promotion, or project evaluation). Major Indexing Databases Other Than SCI and Scopus 1. PubMed / MEDLINE Mainly used in medical and life sciences. Highly respected in healthcare research. 2. DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals) Indexes quality open-access journals after strict review. 3. Embase Used for biomedical and pharmaceutical research. 4. INSPEC Focused on physics, electronics, and computer science. 5. ERIC Education research indexing database maintained by the U.S. Department of Education. 6. MathSciNet Specialized for mathematics research. 7. Zentralblatt MATH Another major indexing d...

Publishing research work in SCI-indexed journals is considered a high academic achievement. However, publishing the same research results again in another SCI journal by rewriting the paper is a serious ethical issue in academic publishing. What Is This Practice Called? Rewriting and publishing the same results in another journal is known as: Duplicate publication Self-plagiarism Redundant publication Even if the wording, title, or structure is changed, using the same data, figures, and conclusions makes it unethical. Why Is It Not Allowed? It misleads the research community It wastes journal and reviewer resources It artificially increases publication count It violates publication ethics Possible Consequences 1. Paper Retraction The second published paper may be retracted, or even the first paper can be questioned. A public retraction notice is issued explaining the reason. 2. Author Blacklisting The author may be banned from submitting to...

If a Scholar Published in IEEE but University Requires SCI Journals Many scholars publish their research work in IEEE journals or conferences. However, some universities mandate publication only in SCI-indexed journals for PhD submission. This creates confusion about whether an IEEE publication is valid. Understanding IEEE and SCI IEEE is a publisher of journals and conferences. SCI (Science Citation Index) is an indexing database managed by Clarivate (Web of Science). University rules are based on indexing , not on the publisher. Two Possible Cases Case 1: IEEE Journal is SCI Indexed If the IEEE journal is indexed in SCI or SCIE (Web of Science), then the publication is valid and accepted by the university. Case 2: IEEE Journal is NOT SCI Indexed If the IEEE journal is not indexed in SCI, then it does not satisfy the university requirement, even though it is published by IEEE. Common Misunderstanding Many scholars assume that publishing in IEEE autom...